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<title>两反一保</title>
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<language>zh-cn</language>
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<pubDate>2008-9-7 14:49:41</pubDate> 
<item>
  <title>关于保障措施中“严重损害”与“严重损害威胁”的解析</title>
  <link>http://www.wenzhouglasses.com/html/news/213096.html</link> 
  <description>关于保障措施中“严重损害”与“严重损害威胁”的解析保障措施,于保,关于,解析</description> 
  <text><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">根据世贸组织《保障措施协定》第四条第</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">款，严重损害指对某一国内产业状况的重大全面减损。严重损害威胁是指对国内产业存在明显迫近的严重损害，对存在严重损害威胁的确定应根据事实，而非仅凭指控、推测或者极小的可能性。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">按照世贸组织上诉机构在阿根廷鞋制品案件中的观点，保障措施案件中的严重损害要件要比反倾销案件中的实质性损害要件更为严格。因为反倾销措施针对的对象是不公正的贸易行为，而对于保障措施并没有存在此种限制。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">为考察国内产业是否遭受“重大全面损害”，必须对国内行业的整体状况作出评估。《保障措施条例》第八条规定，在考察国内产业损害时，应当审查下列相关因素：</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、进口产品的绝对和相对增长率与增长量；</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、增加的进口产品在国内市场中所占的份额；</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、国内产业产量、销售水平、市场份额、生产率、设备利用率、利润与亏损、就业等指标；</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、造成国内产业损害的其他因素。上诉考察因素包括了世贸组织《保障措施协定》第四条第</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">款（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">a</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）所列出的全部产业损害考察因素。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">正如世贸组织上诉机构在阿根廷鞋制品案中指出的，世贸组织《保障措施协定》第四条第</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">款（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">a</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）所列出的考察因素并没有穷尽调查机关的考察范围，仅仅是一个最低限度的清单，为准确评估国内产业的整体状况，调查机关还应考察《保障措施协定》第四条第</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">款（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">a</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）之外的其他一切反映国内产业状况的相关因素。在该案中，世贸组织上诉机构进一步指出，严重损害存在结论的作出，并不要求被考察的每一项因素均呈下降趋势。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 22pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">上诉对严重损害的确定方法同样可以适用在严重损害威胁的认定中。基于同样的理由，保障措施案件中的严重损害威胁要件要比反倾销案件中的实质性损害威胁要件更为严格。在考察严重损害威胁的存在时，调查机关同样要考察一切反映国内产业状况的相关因素，该考察范围不受《保障措施协定》第四条第</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">款（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="Times New Roman">a</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">）的限制，以便对国内产业的整体状况作出正确的评估。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>]]></text> 
  <image></image>
  <headlineImg/>
  <keywords>关于,解析,保障措施</keywords> 
  <category>两反一保</category>
  <author>佚名</author> 
  <source>中国机经网</source>
  <pubDate>2007-11-9 11:03:00</pubDate> 
  </item>
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